Temperature Control

Fish are cold blooded and maintain the same body temperature as their environment. It is extremely important to maintain constant temperatures. Sudden changes can cause stress and lead to disease. Select a heater that delivers 3 to 5 watts per gallon. Ambient temperature is an important factor in selecting wattage. Temperature will affect metabolic rates of fish and their desire to feed. Digestive enzymes are also affected by temperature, even in goldfish aquariums.

When adjusting the heater to the desired temperature, verify the setting on a daily basis with an aquarium thermometer.

Thermometers exist in a variety of styles and attach to either the inside or outside of the aquarium. Select a model that is easy to read and suits your aquarium installation. It is strongly recommended to verify temperature on a daily basis.

Most tropical fish can be kept between 75 to 80F. It is recommended to ensure that species are kept at their optimal range. This should be considered when selecting fish for a community aquarium.

Placing the heater in an area where there is good water movement will help distribute heat efficiently. A common misconception is that of unplugging a heater during warmer weather – this should not be done. The heater provides aquarium temperature stability by not allowing aquarium temperature to drop below its setting and is thermostatically controlled.

Aquariums housing large fish should always use a heater guard or place the heater where accidental brakeage is unlikely.

Heaters

Three basic types of heaters exist: clip-on, submersible, and electronic. Clip on heaters represent an economical option for providing stable temperature and are designed to be fastened to the aquarium frame. It is important to respect the indicated water line. This will ensure proper functioning of the thermostat.

Submersible heaters offer greater flexibility in terms of application and are available in easy to hide smaller diameters, such as the Hagen thermal compact and preset range. The Hagan tronic, electronic heater employs a technologically advanced method of temperature control and eliminated mechanical technologies found in conventional heaters. Remember the following:

1. Always allow approximately 30 minutes before plugging in

2. Always allow approximately 30 minutes after unplugging before removal of partial water changes

3. Always set temperature with the use of an aquarium thermometer

4. Verify temperature on a daily basis

5. Always unplug your heater if you must place your hands in the aquarium

6. When setting temperatures with a clip on heater, remove the safety cap situated on the temperature control knob to adjust temperature, the replace to prevent clockwise movement.

 

Lighting

Factors that influence the type and quantity of light required are:

1. Fish species and other aquatic inhabitants

2. plant life

3. aesthetics

 

Fluorescent lighting is an efficient, effective choice for many aquariums. It evenly illuminates the full length of the aquarium and efficiently converts energy consumed into light. The complete line of Hagen Glo fluorescent Bulbs provides fresh water and marine aquariums with lighting which will stimulate photosynthesis, while contributing to a beautiful aquarium display.

Incandescent lighting is available but does not offer the same aesthetic or efficiency value of fluorescent lighting.

When decided on how much light to provide, a range of 1 to 3 watts per gallon will provide most fresh water aquariums with values that will provide optimal plant growth and visual presentation. Marine reef aquariums will sometimes require greater quantities of light to support the growth of certain coral species. When using the watts per gallon rule, a deduction of 10 to 15% of volume should be included to account for water displacement due to aquarium contents.

Light-Glo canopies are available in single and double bulb configurations. Both systems are equipped with high efficiency reflectors that maximize light emission. Revolutionary features of this lighting system include an anti-capillary barrier that prevents water seepage, and a sleek, modern look.

 

How to maximize efficiency of fluorescent lighting

1. Keep any glass between bulb and water surface free of algae and mineral deposits.

2. Clean the bulb surface weekly if directly exposed to water surface. Use a damp soft sponge.

3. If bulbs or lenses accumulate mineral deposits, clean with a mild acid.

4. In situations requiring higher light intensities, it is recommended to line fluorescent fixtures with a reflector.

5. Replace fluorescent tubes annually, for maximum efficiency.

6. Make note of installation date of fluorescent bulbs.

7. Combine different tubes for certain specialty applications to maximize spectral representation.

8. Use electronic ballasts when possible.

 

Lighting Tips

1. Most plants require approximately 12 hours per day of light from a fluorescent fixture.

2. Sudden changes in light may stress fish. When turning canopy lights on or off, it is beneficial to have room lights on for at least 30 minutes.

3. Fish fed during the day should be allowed 30 minutes of light before and after feeding.

4. Use timers when possible. Plants and fish will respond better to consistent lighting periods

5. Plants and fish will adapt to gradual light changes. When changing bulbs in a multiple bulb installation. Stagger them 1 to 2 weeks apart.

6. A remote ballast should be mounted in an area where there is adequate ventilation to efficiently dissipate heat. This is especially important in ballast types that generate more heat.

7. Electrical wiring leading to the ballast should always incorporate a drip drop.

8. Consider a Ground Fault Interrupter power bar as an inexpensive insurance to avoid unpleasant circumstances surrounding any potential electrical mishaps.

9. Do not leave lights on 24hours a day. As in nature, fish and plants require dark periods as well.